The formal documents where each side sets out their version of the facts and what's in dispute.
What it means
Pleadings are the exchanged formal documents, mainly the statement of claim, defence and any counterclaim, that define the issues a court must decide. They state the material facts each party relies on, but not the evidence itself. Well-drafted pleadings narrow the dispute, tell the other side the case they must meet, and shape what evidence will be relevant at trial.
How it's used
Once the pleadings closed, both sides knew exactly which facts were agreed and which were contested.
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